Kulas

FACTS:   On the eve of March 16, 1976 and upon the closing the store, Policarpio Rafanan, Jr. allegedly raped Estelita Ronaya, a househelper who was hired by the former’s mother named Ines Rafanan and who, at the time of criminal action, was fourteen years old. Ronaya, the complainant, narrates the sexual assault committed to her by Rafanan, the accused, that should she complained and resisted the proposed sexual intercourse and if anyone will know of the event, the accused threatened her life by pointing out his 1 ½ inch-size bolo on her throat. However, the said sexual assault was subsequently known by both the family of Rafanan and the mother of Ronaya. This prompted to an arraignment in the Court of First Instance of Pangasinan wherein the accused was convicted of the crime of rape and sentenced reclusion perpetua and a fine of ₱10,000.00 for moral damages. The accused, however, pleaded not guilty. On his appeal, Rafanan, now appellant, raised errors for the judgment decided ...